Variations in the Angle of Anomaly and Fusional Movements in Cases of Small-angle Convergent Strabismus with Harmonious Anomalous Retinal Correspondence.
نویسندگان
چکیده
IT is generally accepted that nearly all patients with fixed small-angle convergent strabismus and bilateral central fixation show harmonious anomalous retinal correspondence (h.a.r.c.) when examined in normal surroundings under nondissociating test conditions (Bagolini's striated glasses) (Bagolini and Tittarelli, 1960; Pasino and Maraini, 1962). H.a.r.c. has been shown to adapt itself quite easily to small variations in the angle of deviation (Pasino and Maraini, 1964), which suggests the possible existence of a certain fusional amplitude in these subjects. The possibility of variation in the angle of anomaly has already been admitted by some authors (Burian, 1958; Hallden, 1952; Kretzschmar, 1955) as a rare phenomenon, and Swan (1948) reported an adaptation of the angle of anomaly to the angle of deviation. Our experience leads us to think that, by using the least amount of dissociation, this is the rule rather than the exception. These variations in the angle of anomaly could alone account for a certain "fusional amplitude" of practical value in these subjects; but while some authors claim that real fusional movements can be elicited in such patients (Burian, 1941; Hallden, 1952; Lyle, 1962), others could not confirm these findings (Kretschmar, 1955). Burian's investigations by polarized haploscopy do not exclude variations in the angle of anomaly (since the position of the eye was not registered during the testing), and Hallden tested the subjective angle not with fusional targets but with simultaneous vision targets; it may therefore be difficult to claim fusional movements in the absence of clearly demonstrated fusion. On the contrary, according to Kretschmar's investigations, which show the ready variation of the angle of anomaly following the position of haploscopic fusion targets, real fusional movements seem to be exceedingly rare in these patients. Both theoretically and practically this problem is important and should be studied only under natural test conditions approaching those of everyday life, and excluding all artificial and dissociating factors. We have therefore investigated, in cases of small-angle convergent strabismus, the real fusional movements or variations in the angle of anomaly which may follow the introduction of a horizontal disparity.
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The British journal of ophthalmology
دوره 48 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1964